╨С╨╗╤Н╨║ ╨б╨║╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М

╨з╤В╨╛ ╤В╨░╨║╨╛╨╡ ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░?

╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤В╨╡╨╛╤А╨╡╤В╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╤Г╤О ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Г ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╕ ╨┐╤А╨╕ ╤В╨╛╤А╨│╨╛╨▓╨╗╨╡ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕. ╨Ю╨╜ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨║╨░╨║ ╨┤╨╗╤П ╨║╨╛╨╗╨╗-╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓, ╤В╨░╨║ ╨╕ ╨┤╨╗╤П ╨┐╤Г╤В-╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓. ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨╛╨┐╨╕╤А╨░╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨╜╨░ ╨┐╤П╤В╤М ╨┐╨╡╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╤Л╤Е ╨┤╨╗╤П ╤А╨░╤Б╤З╨╡╤В╨░ ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л: ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░ ╨▒╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨╛╨│╨╛ ╨░╨║╤В╨╕╨▓╨░, ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П, ╨▒╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╨░╤П ╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨║╨░, ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╕ ╨▓╤А╨╡╨╝╤П ╤Н╨║╤Б╨┐╨╕╤А╨░╤Ж╨╕╨╕. ╨н╤В╨╛ ╨┐╤А╨╕╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╝╨╛ ╤В╨╛╨╗╤М╨║╨╛ ╨║ ╤В╨╛╤А╨│╨╛╨▓╨╗╨╡ ╨╡╨▓╤А╨╛╨┐╨╡╨╣╤Б╨║╨╕╨╝╨╕ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕.

╨в╨╡╨╛╤А╨╕╤П ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨▒╤Л╨╗╨░ ╤А╨░╨╖╤А╨░╨▒╨╛╤В╨░╨╜╨░ ╤Н╨║╨╛╨╜╨╛╨╝╨╕╤Б╤В╨░╨╝╨╕ ╨д╨╕╤И╨╡╤А╨╛╨╝ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨╛╨╝ ╨╕ ╨Ь╨░╨╣╤А╨╛╨╜╨╛╨╝ ╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨╛╨╝ ╨▓ 1973 ╨│╨╛╨┤╤Г. ╨н╤В╨╛ ╨╜╨░╨╕╨▒╨╛╨╗╨╡╨╡ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╛╤Б╤В╤А╨░╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╜╨░╤П ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╤В╨╛╤А╨│╨╛╨▓╨╗╨╕ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕ ╨╕ ╨▒╨╕╨╜╨╛╨╝╨╕╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╨░╤П ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М. ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨╛╤Б╨╜╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨░ ╨╜╨░ ╨╝╨╜╨╛╨│╨╕╤Е ╨┤╨╛╨┐╤Г╤Й╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П╤Е, ╨╛╨│╤А╨░╨╜╨╕╤З╨╕╨▓╨░╤О╤Й╨╕╤Е ╨╡╨╡ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╖╨░ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨░╨╝╨╕ ╨╡╨▓╤А╨╛╨┐╨╡╨╣╤Б╨║╨╛╨╣ ╤В╨╛╤А╨│╨╛╨▓╨╗╨╕ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕.

╨Ю╨│╨╗╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡

• ╨з╤В╨╛ ╤В╨░╨║╨╛╨╡ ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░?
  • ╨Ю╨▒╤К╤П╤Б╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨┤╨╗╤П ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤П ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓
  • ╨Я╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П
  • ╨д╨╛╤А╨╝╤Г╨╗╨░
  • ╨Я╤А╨╕╨╝╨╡╤А
  • ╨Т╨░╨╢╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М
  • ╨Ю╨│╤А╨░╨╜╨╕╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П
  • ╨г╤Б╤В╤А╨░╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╛╨│╤А╨░╨╜╨╕╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╣
  • ╨з╨░╤Б╤В╨╛ ╨╖╨░╨┤╨░╨▓╨░╨╡╨╝╤Л╨╡ ╨▓╨╛╨┐╤А╨╛╤Б╤Л (FAQ)
  • ╨а╨╡╨║╨╛╨╝╨╡╨╜╨┤╤Г╨╡╨╝╤Л╨╡ ╤Б╤В╨░╤В╤М╨╕

╨Ъ╨╗╤О╤З╨╡╨▓╤Л╨╡ ╨▓╤Л╨▓╨╛╨┤╤Л

• ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ тАФ ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤П, ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╨╡╨╝╨░╤П ╨▓ ╤В╨╛╤А╨│╨╛╨▓╨╗╨╡ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕. ╨Ю╨╜ ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤Б╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╡╨┤╨╗╨╕╨▓╤Г╤О ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Г ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╕.
• ╨д╨╕╤И╨╡╤А ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║ ╨╕ ╨Ь╨░╨╣╤А╨╛╨╜ ╨б╨║╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ ╨┐╨╛╨╖╨╜╨░╨║╨╛╨╝╨╕╨╗╨╕╤Б╤М ╨▓ ╨Ь╨░╤Б╤Б╨░╤З╤Г╤Б╨╡╤В╤Б╨║╨╛╨╝ ╤В╨╡╤Е╨╜╨╛╨╗╨╛╨│╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╛╨╝ ╨╕╨╜╤Б╤В╨╕╤В╤Г╤В╨╡ (MIT). ╨Ш╤Е ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤П ╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М╤О ╨┐╤А╨╛╨╕╨╖╨▓╨╡╨╗╨░ ╤А╨╡╨▓╨╛╨╗╤О╤Ж╨╕╤О ╨▓ ╤В╨╡╤Е╨╜╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╛╨╝ ╨╕╨╜╨▓╨╡╤Б╤В╨╕╤А╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╕. ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║ ╨╕ ╨б╨║╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ ╨┐╨╛╨╗╤Г╤З╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╨Э╨╛╨▒╨╡╨╗╨╡╨▓╤Б╨║╤Г╤О ╨┐╤А╨╡╨╝╨╕╤О ╨╖╨░ ╤Б╨▓╨╛╨╣ ╨▓╨║╨╗╨░╨┤ ╨▓ 1997 ╨│╨╛╨┤╤Г.
• ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║ ╨╕ ╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ ╨╕╤Б╤Е╨╛╨┤╤П╤В ╨╕╨╖ ╤В╨╛╨│╨╛, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╨╜╨╡ ╤Б╤Г╤Й╨╡╤Б╤В╨▓╤Г╨╡╤В ╨▓╨╛╨╖╨╝╨╛╨╢╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╡╨╣ ╤А╤Л╨╜╨╛╤З╨╜╨╛╨│╨╛ ╨░╤А╨▒╨╕╤В╤А╨░╨╢╨░ ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╨▒╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╨╛╨╣ ╨┐╤А╨╕╨▒╤Л╨╗╨╕. ╨Т ╤А╨╡╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╤Л╤Е ╤Б╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░╤А╨╕╤П╤Е ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╜╨╡ ╤П╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨┐╨╛╤Б╤В╨╛╤П╨╜╨╜╨╛╨╣ ╨▓╨╛ ╨▓╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕; ╤В╤А╨░╨╜╨╖╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨╕╨╖╨┤╨╡╤А╨╢╨║╨╕ ╤Б╤Г╤Й╨╡╤Б╤В╨▓╤Г╤О╤В.
• ╨а╨╡╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨┤╨░╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨┐╨╛╨║╨░╨╖╤Л╨▓╨░╤О╤В, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╨┤╨╛╤Е╨╛╨┤╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜, ╨║╨░╨║ ╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╕╨╗╨╛, ╨╕╨╝╨╡╨╡╤В ╨░╤Б╨╕╨╝╨╝╨╡╤В╤А╨╕╤З╨╜╨╛╨╡ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡; ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л ╨┐╨░╨┤╨░╤О╤В ╨│╨╛╤А╨░╨╖╨┤╨╛ ╨▒╤Л╤Б╤В╤А╨╡╨╡, ╤З╨╡╨╝ ╤А╨░╤Б╤В╤Г╤В.

╨Ю╨▒╤К╤П╤Б╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨┤╨╗╤П ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤П ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓

╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨▒╤Л╨╗╨░ ╤А╨░╨╖╤А╨░╨▒╨╛╤В╨░╨╜╨░ ╤Н╨║╨╛╨╜╨╛╨╝╨╕╤Б╤В╨░╨╝╨╕ ╨д╨╕╤И╨╡╤А╨╛╨╝ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨╛╨╝ ╨╕ ╨Ь╨░╨╣╤А╨╛╨╜╨╛╨╝ ╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨╛╨╝ ╨▓ 1973 ╨│╨╛╨┤╤Г. ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╤А╨░╨▒╨╛╤В╨░╨╡╤В ╤Б ╨┐╤П╤В╤М╤О ╨▓╤Е╨╛╨┤╨╜╤Л╨╝╨╕ ╨┐╨╡╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╝╨╕: ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╣ ╨▒╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨╛╨│╨╛ ╨░╨║╤В╨╕╨▓╨░, ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╣ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П, ╨▒╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╨╛╨╣ ╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨║╨╛╨╣, ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М╤О ╨╕ ╨▓╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╝ ╤Н╨║╤Б╨┐╨╕╤А╨░╤Ж╨╕╨╕.

╨н╤В╨╛ ╨╝╨░╤В╨╡╨╝╨░╤В╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨░╤П ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М, ╨║╨╛╤В╨╛╤А╨░╤П ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╨╡╤В ╨┤╨╕╤Д╤Д╨╡╤А╨╡╨╜╤Ж╨╕╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╨╡ ╤Г╤А╨░╨▓╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨▓ ╤З╨░╤Б╤В╨╜╤Л╤Е ╨┐╤А╨╛╨╕╨╖╨▓╨╛╨┤╨╜╤Л╤Е ╨┤╨╗╤П ╤А╨░╤Б╤З╨╡╤В╨░ ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓. ╨н╤В╨╛╤В ╤З╨░╤Б╤В╨╜╤Л╨╣ ╨┤╨╕╤Д╤Д╨╡╤А╨╡╨╜╤Ж╨╕╨░╨╗ ╨╕╨╖╨▓╨╡╤Б╤В╨╡╨╜ ╨║╨░╨║ ╤Г╤А╨░╨▓╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░. ╨С╨░╨╜╨║╨╕ ╨╕ ╤Д╨╕╨╜╨░╨╜╤Б╨╛╨▓╤Л╨╡ ╤Г╤З╤А╨╡╨╢╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╤О╤В ╤Н╤В╤Г ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨┤╨╗╤П ╨╛╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨║╨╕ ╨╡╨▓╤А╨╛╨┐╨╡╨╣╤Б╨║╨╕╤Е ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓. ╨Ю╤Б╨╜╨╛╨▓╨╜╨╛╨╣ ╤Ж╨╡╨╗╤М╤О ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕ ╤П╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╤Е╨╡╨┤╨╢╨╕╤А╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓ ╨▓ ╨┐╨╛╤А╤В╤Д╨╡╨╗╨╡ ╨╕ ╤Г╤Б╤В╤А╨░╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╤Д╨░╨║╤В╨╛╤А╨░ ╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨░.

╨д╨╕╤И╨╡╤А ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║ ╨╕ ╨Ь╨░╨╣╤А╨╛╨╜ ╨б╨║╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ ╨┐╨╛╨╖╨╜╨░╨║╨╛╨╝╨╕╨╗╨╕╤Б╤М ╨▓ ╨Ь╨░╤Б╤Б╨░╤З╤Г╤Б╨╡╤В╤Б╨║╨╛╨╝ ╤В╨╡╤Е╨╜╨╛╨╗╨╛╨│╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╛╨╝ ╨╕╨╜╤Б╤В╨╕╤В╤Г╤В╨╡ (MIT) ╨╕ ╨╜╨░╤З╨░╨╗╨╕ ╤Б╨╛╤В╤А╤Г╨┤╨╜╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╤В╨▓╨╛, ╨║╨╛╤В╨╛╤А╨╛╨╡ ╨┐╤А╨╛╨┤╨╗╨╕╨╗╨╛╤Б╤М 25 ╨╗╨╡╤В. ╨Ш╤Е ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤П ╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М╤О ╨┐╤А╨╛╨╕╨╖╨▓╨╡╨╗╨░ ╤А╨╡╨▓╨╛╨╗╤О╤Ж╨╕╤О ╨▓ ╤В╨╡╤Е╨╜╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╛╨╝ ╨╕╨╜╨▓╨╡╤Б╤В╨╕╤А╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╕. ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║ ╨╕ ╨б╨║╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ ╨┐╨╛╨╗╤Г╤З╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╨Э╨╛╨▒╨╡╨╗╨╡╨▓╤Б╨║╤Г╤О ╨┐╤А╨╡╨╝╨╕╤О ╨╖╨░ ╤Б╨▓╨╛╨╣ ╨▓╨║╨╗╨░╨┤ ╨▓ 1997 ╨│╨╛╨┤╤Г.

╨С╨╗╤Н╨║ ╨╕ ╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ ╨╕╤Б╤Е╨╛╨┤╤П╤В ╨╕╨╖ ╤В╨╛╨│╨╛, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╨▓╨╛╨╖╨╝╨╛╨╢╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╤А╤Л╨╜╨╛╤З╨╜╨╛╨│╨╛ ╨░╤А╨▒╨╕╤В╤А╨░╨╢╨░ ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╨▒╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╨╛╨╣ ╨┐╤А╨╕╨▒╤Л╨╗╨╕ ╨╛╤В╤Б╤Г╤В╤Б╤В╨▓╤Г╤О╤В. ╨Т╨╛╤В ╨┐╨╛╤З╨╡╨╝╤Г ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨┐╨╛╨┤╨▓╨╡╤А╨│╨░╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨║╤А╨╕╤В╨╕╨║╨╡. ╨Т ╤А╨╡╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╤Л╤Е ╤Б╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░╤А╨╕╤П╤Е ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╜╨╡ ╤П╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨┐╨╛╤Б╤В╨╛╤П╨╜╨╜╨╛╨╣ ╨▓╨╛ ╨▓╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕; ╤В╤А╨░╨╜╨╖╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨╕╨╖╨┤╨╡╤А╨╢╨║╨╕ ╤Б╤Г╤Й╨╡╤Б╤В╨▓╤Г╤О╤В. ╨а╨╡╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨┤╨░╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨┐╨╛╨║╨░╨╖╤Л╨▓╨░╤О╤В, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╨┤╨╛╤Е╨╛╨┤╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜, ╨║╨░╨║ ╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╕╨╗╨╛, ╨╕╨╝╨╡╨╡╤В ╨░╤Б╨╕╨╝╨╝╨╡╤В╤А╨╕╤З╨╜╨╛╨╡ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡; ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л ╨┐╨░╨┤╨░╤О╤В ╨│╨╛╤А╨░╨╖╨┤╨╛ ╨▒╤Л╤Б╤В╤А╨╡╨╡, ╤З╨╡╨╝ ╤А╨░╤Б╤В╤Г╤В.

╨Т ╨╜╨░╤З╨░╨╗╨╡ 20 ╨▓╨╡╨║╨░ ╤Д╤А╨░╨╜╤Ж╤Г╨╖╤Б╨║╨╕╨╣ ╨╝╨░╤В╨╡╨╝╨░╤В╨╕╨║ ╨Ы╤Г╨╕ ╨С╨░╤И╨╡╨╗╤М╨╡ ╨┐╤А╨╛╨▓╨╡╨╗ ╨░╨╜╨░╨╗╨╛╨│╨╕╤О ╨╝╨╡╨╢╨┤╤Г ╨▒╤А╨╛╤Г╨╜╨╛╨▓╤Б╨║╨╕╨╝ ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╨╕ ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╤Д╨╕╨╜╨░╨╜╤Б╨╛╨▓╤Л╤Е ╨░╨║╤В╨╕╨▓╨╛╨▓ ╨▓ ╤Б╨▓╨╛╨╡╨╣ ╤А╨░╨▒╨╛╤В╨╡. ╨в╨╡╨╛╤А╨╕╤П ╤Б╨┐╨╡╨║╤Г╨╗╤П╤Ж╨╕╨╣. ╨в╨╡╨╛╤А╨╕╤П ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨▓╨║╨╗╤О╤З╨░╨╡╤В ╤Н╤В╨╛ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡.

╨Я╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░

╨Я╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╤Б╨╗╨╡╨┤╤Г╤О╤Й╨╕╨╡.

• ╨в╨╡╨╛╤А╨╕╤П ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨░╨│╨░╨╡╤В, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓ ╨┤╨╡╨╝╨╛╨╜╤Б╤В╤А╨╕╤А╤Г╤О╤В ╨▒╤А╨╛╤Г╨╜╨╛╨▓╤Б╨║╨╛╨╡ ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡.
• ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨░╨│╨░╨╡╤В, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╨▒╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╤Л╨╡ ╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨║╨╕ ╨┐╨╛╤Б╤В╨╛╤П╨╜╨╜╤Л. ╨Э╨░ ╤Б╨░╨╝╨╛╨╝ ╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡ ╨╛╨╜╨╕ ╨┤╨╕╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕╤З╨╜╤Л тАФ ╨╛╨╜╨╕ ╨║╨╛╨╗╨╡╨▒╨╗╤О╤В╤Б╤П ╨▓ ╨╖╨░╨▓╨╕╤Б╨╕╨╝╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╨╛╤В ╤Б╨┐╤А╨╛╤Б╨░ ╨╕ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П.
• ╨в╨╡╨╛╤А╨╕╤П ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨░╨│╨░╨╡╤В, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╨┤╨╛╤Е╨╛╨┤╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╣ ╨╜╨░╨┐╨╛╨╝╨╕╨╜╨░╨╡╤В ╨╗╨╛╨│╨░╤А╨╕╤Д╨╝╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╕ ╨╜╨╛╤А╨╝╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╨╡ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡.
• ╨н╤В╨╛ ╤В╨░╨║╨╢╨╡ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨░╨│╨░╨╡╤В, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╤Г ╨╜╨░╤Б ╨╜╨╡╤В ╤В╤А╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨╜╨░ ╤А╤Л╨╜╨║╨╡; ╤З╤В╨╛ ╨╜╨╡╤В ╤В╤А╨░╨╜╨╖╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╜╤Л╤Е ╨╕╨╖╨┤╨╡╤А╨╢╨╡╨║, ╤З╨╡╨│╨╛ ╨╜╨╡╨╗╤М╨╖╤П ╤Б╨║╨░╨╖╨░╤В╤М ╨╛ ╤А╨╡╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╤Л╤Е ╤Б╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░╤А╨╕╤П╤Е.
• ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║ ╨╕ ╨б╨║╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨╜╨╡╨▒╤А╨╡╨│╨░╤О╤В ╨▓╤Л╨┐╨╗╨░╤В╨╛╨╣ ╨┤╨╕╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡╨╜╨┤╨╛╨▓ ╨╜╨░ ╨┐╤А╨╛╤В╤П╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╕ ╨▓╤Б╨╡╨│╨╛ ╨┐╨╡╤А╨╕╨╛╨┤╨░ ╨┤╨╡╨╣╤Б╤В╨▓╨╕╤П ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░.

╨д╨╛╤А╨╝╤Г╨╗╨░

╨д╨╛╤А╨╝╤Г╨╗╨░ ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨▓╤Л╨│╨╗╤П╨┤╨╕╤В ╤Б╨╗╨╡╨┤╤Г╤О╤Й╨╕╨╝ ╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨╝:

╨Я╤А╨╕╨▓╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╜╨╛╨╡ ╨▓╤Л╤И╨╡ ╤Г╤А╨░╨▓╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Г ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓ ╨╜╨░ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╕ ╤Б ╤В╨╡╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╨▓╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕.

╨б╨╗╨╡╨┤╤Г╤О╤Й╨░╤П ╤Д╨╛╤А╨╝╤Г╨╗╨░ ╨▓╤Л╤З╨╕╤Б╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Г ╨║╨╛╨╗╨╗-╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░ C:

╨Ч╨┤╨╡╤Б╤М,

╨б╨╗╨╡╨┤╤Г╤О╤Й╨░╤П ╤Д╨╛╤А╨╝╤Г╨╗╨░ ╨▓╤Л╤З╨╕╤Б╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Г ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░ ╨┐╤Г╤В P:

• ╨Т ╤Н╤В╨╛╨╝ ╤Г╤А╨░╨▓╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╕ N ╤А╨░╨▓╨╜╨╛ ╨║╤Г╨╝╤Г╨╗╤П╤В╨╕╨▓╨╜╨╛╨╣ ╤Д╤Г╨╜╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╕ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╤Б╤В╨░╨╜╨┤╨░╤А╤В╨╜╨╛╨│╨╛ ╨╜╨╛╤А╨╝╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╨│╨╛ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П. ╨Ю╨╜ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤Б╨╛╨▒╨╛╨╣ ╤Б╤В╨░╨╜╨┤╨░╤А╤В╨╜╨╛╨╡ ╨╜╨╛╤А╨╝╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╨╡ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╤Б╨╛ ╤Б╤А╨╡╨┤╨╜╨╕╨╝ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ = 0 ╨╕ ╤Б╤В╨░╨╜╨┤╨░╤А╤В╨╜╤Л╨╝ ╨╛╤В╨║╨╗╨╛╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ = 1.

• Tt ╨╛╤В╨╜╨╛╤Б╨╕╤В╤Б╤П ╨║ ╤Б╤А╨╛╨║╤Г ╨┐╨╛╨│╨░╤И╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П (╨▓ ╨│╨╛╨┤╨░╤Е).
• St тАФ ╤Б╨┐╨╛╤В╨╛╨▓╨░╤П ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░ ╨▒╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨╛╨│╨╛ ╨░╨║╤В╨╕╨▓╨░.
• K ╨╛╨▒╨╛╨╖╨╜╨░╤З╨░╨╡╤В ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Г ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П.
• r ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤Б╨╛╨▒╨╛╨╣ ╨▒╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╤Г╤О ╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨║╤Г.
• ├У ╤Б╨╕╨╝╨▓╨╛╨╗╨╕╨╖╨╕╤А╤Г╨╡╤В ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨┤╨╛╤Е╨╛╨┤╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╨▒╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╤Л╤Е ╨░╨║╤В╨╕╨▓╨╛╨▓.

╨Я╤А╨╕╨╝╨╡╤А

╨в╨╡╨┐╨╡╤А╤М ╨┤╨░╨▓╨░╨╣╤В╨╡ ╤А╨░╤Б╤Б╨╝╨╛╤В╤А╨╕╨╝ ╨┐╤А╨╕╨╝╨╡╤А ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░, ╤З╤В╨╛╨▒╤Л ╨┐╨╛╨╜╤П╤В╤М ╤А╨░╤Б╤З╨╡╤В╤Л.

╨Ф╨╗╤П ╨╛╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨║╨╕ ╤Б╤В╨╛╨╕╨╝╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╨║╨╛╨╗╨╗-╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░ Apple (AAPL) ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╤Б╨╗╨╡╨┤╤Г╤О╤Й╨░╤П ╤Д╨╛╤А╨╝╤Г╨╗╨░:

╨Ч╨┤╨╡╤Б╤М,

17 ╨╛╨║╤В╤П╨▒╤А╤П 2022 ╨│. ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜ ╨║╨╛╨╗╨╗ ╨╜╨░ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╕ Apple ($AAPL) ╤Б╤В╨╛╨╕╨╗ S = 138,38 ╨┤╨╛╨╗╨╗. (╨╜╨░ NASDAQ).

╨Ь╤Л ╤Г╨╝╨╜╨╛╨╢╨░╨╡╨╝ ╤В╨╡╨║╤Г╤Й╤Г╤О ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Г ╨╜╨░ 1,2, ╤З╤В╨╛╨▒╤Л ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕╤В╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Г ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨╜╨░ 20% ╨▓╤Л╤И╨╡, ╤З╨╡╨╝ ╤В╨╡╨║╤Г╤Й╨░╤П ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░ ╤В╨╛╤А╨│╨╛╨▓╨╗╨╕ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╤П╨╝╨╕ X = $166,05.

╨Ъ╤А╨╛╨╝╨╡ ╤В╨╛╨│╨╛, ╨╝╤Л ╨▒╨╡╤А╨╡╨╝ 101-╨┤╨╜╨╡╨▓╨╜╤Л╨╣ ╨┐╨╡╤А╨╕╨╛╨┤ ╤Н╨║╤Б╨┐╨╕╤А╨░╤Ж╨╕╨╕ (╨╖╨░╨║╨░╨╜╤З╨╕╨▓╨░╨╡╤В╤Б╤П 25 ╤П╨╜╨▓╨░╤А╤П 2023 ╨│.) ╨╕ ╤А╨░╤Б╤Б╨╝╨░╤В╤А╨╕╨▓╨░╨╡╨╝ ╨▒╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╤Л╨╣ ╨┐╤А╨╛╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤В╨╜╤Л╨╣ ╨╕╨╜╤Б╤В╤А╤Г╨╝╨╡╨╜╤В, $USGG10YR, ╨┐╨╛ ╨║╨╛╤В╨╛╤А╨╛╨╝╤Г ╨▓ ╨╜╨░╤Б╤В╨╛╤П╤Й╨╡╨╡ ╨▓╤А╨╡╨╝╤П ╨▓╤Л╨┐╨╗╨░╤З╨╕╨▓╨░╨╡╤В╤Б╤П 2,12%. ╨н╤В╨╛ 10-╨╗╨╡╤В╨╜╤П╤П ╨│╨╛╤Б╤Г╨┤╨░╤А╤Б╤В╨▓╨╡╨╜╨╜╨░╤П ╨╛╨▒╨╗╨╕╨│╨░╤Ж╨╕╤П ╨б╨и╨Р.

╨Я╨╛╤Н╤В╨╛╨╝╤Г ╨╖╨╜╨░╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╤Б╨╗╨╡╨┤╤Г╤О╤Й╨╕╨╡:

S = 138,38 (╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╕)

X = 166,05 (╤В╨╛╤А╨│╨╛╨▓╨░╤П ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░)

(Tt) = 101 (╤Б╤А╨╛╨║ ╨│╨╛╨┤╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕)

╨│ = 0,0212. (╨С╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╨░╤П ╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨║╨░)

╨Х╨┤╨╕╨╜╤Б╤В╨▓╨╡╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╝ ╨╛╤В╤Б╤Г╤В╤Б╤В╨▓╤Г╤О╤Й╨╕╨╝ ╨┐╨░╤А╨░╨╝╨╡╤В╤А╨╛╨╝ ╤П╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨╛╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨║╨░ ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╣. ╨Х╨│╨╛ ╨╝╨╛╨╢╨╜╨╛ ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕╤В╤М, ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╤П ╨╕╤Б╤В╨╛╤А╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╕╨╡ ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л. ╨Х╤Б╨╗╨╕ ╤А╨╡╨╖╤Г╨╗╤М╤В╨╕╤А╤Г╤О╤Й╨╡╨╡ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╧Г ╨║╨╛╨╗╨╡╨▒╨╗╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨╛╤В 0 ╨┤╨╛ 1, ╨╛╨╜╨╛ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╨┐╨╛╨┤╤А╨░╨╖╤Г╨╝╨╡╨▓╨░╨╡╨╝╤Г╤О ╤А╤Л╨╜╨╛╤З╨╜╤Г╤О ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╣.

╨б╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╡╨┤╨╗╨╕╨▓╨░╤П ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╣ ╨┐╨╛╨╝╨╛╨│╨░╨╡╤В ╤В╤А╨╡╨╣╨┤╨╡╤А╨░╨╝ ╤Е╨╡╨┤╨╢╨╕╤А╨╛╨▓╨░╤В╤М ╤Б╨▓╨╛╨╕ ╨┐╨╛╤А╤В╤Д╨╡╨╗╨╕; ╨╛╨╜╨╕ ╤Г╤Б╤В╤А╨░╨╜╤П╤О╤В ╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╕.

╨Т╨░╨╢╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М

╨Т╨░╨╢╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨╖╨░╨║╨╗╤О╤З╨░╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨▓ ╤Б╨╗╨╡╨┤╤Г╤О╤Й╨╡╨╝:

• ╨н╤В╨╛ ╨╕╨╖╨▓╨╡╤Б╤В╨╜╨░╤П ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤П ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓ ╨▓ ╨┤╨╛╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨║ ╨▒╨╕╨╜╨╛╨╝╨╕╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╨╣ ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕.
• ╨в╤А╨╡╨╣╨┤╨╡╤А╤Л ╨╕ ╨░╨╜╨░╨╗╨╕╤В╨╕╨║╨╕ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╤О╤В ╨╡╨│╨╛ ╨┤╨╗╤П ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╤Б╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╡╨┤╨╗╨╕╨▓╨╛╨╣ ╤Б╤В╨╛╨╕╨╝╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╣.
• ╨Ш╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╤П ╤Н╤В╤Г ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М, ╨╕╨╜╨▓╨╡╤Б╤В╨╛╤А╤Л ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╤В╤А╨╡╨╣╨┤╨╡╤А╤Л ╨╝╨╛╨│╤Г╤В ╤Е╨╡╨┤╨╢╨╕╤А╨╛╨▓╨░╤В╤М ╤Б╨▓╨╛╨╕ ╨┐╨╛╨╖╨╕╤Ж╨╕╨╕ ╤Б ╨╝╨╕╨╜╨╕╨╝╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╤Л╨╝╨╕ ╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨░╨╝╨╕.
• ╨в╨╛╤А╨│╨╛╨▓╨╗╤П ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕ тАФ ╤Н╤В╨╛ ╨┐╤А╨╛╨┤╨▓╨╕╨╜╤Г╤В╨░╤П ╤Д╨╛╤А╨╝╨░ ╨╕╨╜╨▓╨╡╤Б╤В╨╕╤Ж╨╕╨╣ ╨╕ ╨╕╨╖╤Г╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╤А╤Л╨╜╨║╨░. ╨Ь╨╡╤В╨╛╨┤ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨╕╨│╤А╨░╨╡╤В ╨║╨╗╤О╤З╨╡╨▓╤Г╤О ╤А╨╛╨╗╤М ╨▓ ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╕ ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л.

╨Ю╨│╤А╨░╨╜╨╕╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П

• ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╤А╨░╨▒╨╛╤В╨░╨╡╤В ╤В╨╛╨╗╤М╨║╨╛ ╤Б ╨╡╨▓╤А╨╛╨┐╨╡╨╣╤Б╨║╨╕╨╝╨╕ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕, ╨╜╨╛ ╨╜╨╡ ╤Б ╨░╨╝╨╡╤А╨╕╨║╨░╨╜╤Б╨║╨╕╨╝╨╕.
• ╨ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓ ┬л╨▓ ╨┤╨╡╨╜╤М╨│╨░╤Е┬╗ ╤П╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╤В╨╛╤З╨╜╤Л╨╝, ╨╜╨╛ ╨┤╨╗╤П ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓ ┬л╨▓╨╜╨╡ ╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╡╨│┬╗ ╨╛╤В╨║╨╗╨╛╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨▓╤Л╤Б╨╛╨║╨╕.
• ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨╝╨╛╨╢╨╡╤В ╨╛╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╕╤В╤М ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╤В╨╛╨╗╤М╨║╨╛ ╨┐╤А╨╕ ╤А╨░╤Б╤З╨╡╤В╨╡ ╨┤╤А╤Г╨│╨╕╤Е ╤Д╨░╨║╤В╨╛╤А╨╛╨▓. ╨н╤В╨░ ╨╖╨░╨▓╨╕╤Б╨╕╨╝╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨┤╨╡╨╗╨░╨╡╤В ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨╛╨│╤А╨░╨╜╨╕╤З╨╕╨▓╨░╤О╤Й╨╡╨╣.
• ╨Ь╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨░╨│╨░╨╡╤В ╨╛╨┤╨╜╨╛ ╨╕ ╤В╨╛ ╨╢╨╡ ╤Г╤Б╨╗╨╛╨▓╨╕╨╡, ╨╜╨╡╨╖╨░╨▓╨╕╤Б╨╕╨╝╨╛ ╨╛╤В ╨┐╤А╨╕╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П. ╨Э╨░╨┐╤А╨╕╨╝╨╡╤А, ╨╛╨╜ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨░╨│╨░╨╡╤В ╨▒╨╡╤Б╨║╨╛╨╜╤Д╨╗╨╕╨║╤В╨╜╤Л╨╣ ╤А╤Л╨╜╨╛╨║.

╨г╤Б╤В╤А╨░╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╛╨│╤А╨░╨╜╨╕╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╣

╨Я╤А╨╛╨▒╨╗╨╡╨╝╤Л, ╤Б╨▓╤П╨╖╨░╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╤Б ╨╜╨╡╤А╨╡╨░╨╗╨╕╤Б╤В╨╕╤З╨╜╤Л╨╝╨╕ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П╨╝╨╕ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░, ╨▒╤Л╨╗╨╕ ╤А╨╡╤И╨╡╨╜╤Л ╤Б ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╤З╨░╤Б╤В╨╜╤Л╤Е ╨┐╤А╨╛╨╕╨╖╨▓╨╛╨┤╨╜╤Л╤Е тАФ ╨│╤А╨╡╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╕╤Е ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓.

╨С╨╗╤Н╨║-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖ тАФ ╨╝╨╜╨╛╨│╨╛╨╝╨╡╤А╨╜╨╛╨╡ ╤Г╤А╨░╨▓╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡; ╨╕╨╜╤Б╤В╨╕╤В╤Г╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╤В╤А╨╡╨╣╨┤╨╡╤А╤Л ╤Е╨╛╤В╤П╤В ╨┐╨╛╨╜╤П╤В╤М, ╨║╨░╨║ ╨║╨░╨╢╨┤╨░╤П ╨┐╨╡╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╨░╤П ╤Д╤Г╨╜╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╕╤А╤Г╨╡╤В ╤Б ╤В╨╛╤З╨║╨╕ ╨╖╤А╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨┤╤А╤Г╨│╨╕╤Е ╨┐╨╡╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╤Л╤Е ╨▓ ╨╛╤В╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕. ╨н╤В╨╛ ╨┐╨╛╨╖╨▓╨╛╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤В╤А╨╡╨╣╨┤╨╡╤А╨░╨╝ ╤А╨░╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕╤В╤М ╤Д╨╕╨╜╨░╨╜╤Б╨╛╨▓╤Л╨╡ ╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╕ ╨╜╨░ ╨╜╨╡╤Б╨║╨╛╨╗╤М╨║╨╛ ╤В╨╕╨┐╨╛╨▓, ╨║╨╛╤В╨╛╤А╤Л╨╝╨╕ ╨╝╨╛╨╢╨╜╨╛ ╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛ ╤Г╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╗╤П╤В╤М ╨╕ ╤Е╨╡╨┤╨╢╨╕╤А╨╛╨▓╨░╤В╤М.

╨Э╨░╨╕╨▒╨╛╨╗╨╡╨╡ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╛╤Б╤В╤А╨░╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╝╨╕ ╨▓╨░╤А╨╕╨░╨╜╤В╨░╨╝╨╕ ╨│╤А╨╡╨║╨╛╨▓ ╤П╨▓╨╗╤П╤О╤В╤Б╤П ╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М╤В╨░, ╨│╨░╨╝╨╝╨░, ╤В╨╡╤В╨░, ╨▓╨╡╨│╨░╨╕ ╤А╨╛. ╨Ъ╨░╨╢╨┤╤Л╨╣ ╨┐╨░╤А╨░╨╝╨╡╤В╤А ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╤А╤П╨╡╤В ╨╛╨┤╨╕╨╜ ╨║╨╛╨╜╨║╤А╨╡╤В╨╜╤Л╨╣ ╤В╨╕╨┐ ╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨░, ╤Б╨▓╤П╨╖╨░╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╣ ╤Б ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╜╨╛╨╣ ╨┐╨╛╨╖╨╕╤Ж╨╕╨╡╨╣. ╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М╤В╨░ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╤А╤П╨╡╤В ╨┐╨╛╨┤╨▓╨╡╤А╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╜╨░╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╜╨╛╨╝╤Г ╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╤Г. ╨в╨╛╤З╨╜╨╛ ╤В╨░╨║ ╨╢╨╡ ╨│╨░╨╝╨╝╨░ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╤А╤П╨╡╤В ╨┐╨╛╨┤╨▓╨╡╤А╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨▓╤Л╨╝ ╨║╨╛╨╗╨╡╨▒╨░╨╜╨╕╤П╨╝ ╨▓ ╨╗╤О╨▒╨╛╨╝ ╨╜╨░╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╕. ╨Ш ╤В╨╡╤В╨░ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╤А╤П╨╡╤В ╨▓╨╛╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤Б╤В╨▓╨╕╨╡ ╤В╨╡╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨▓╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕.

╨б ╨┤╤А╤Г╨│╨╛╨╣ ╤Б╤В╨╛╤А╨╛╨╜╤Л, ╨Т╨╡╨│╨░ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╤А╤П╨╡╤В ╨┐╨╛╨┤╨▓╨╡╤А╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П╨╝ ╨┐╨╛╨┤╤А╨░╨╖╤Г╨╝╨╡╨▓╨░╨╡╨╝╨╛╨╣ ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕. ╨а╨╛ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╤А╤П╨╡╤В ╨┐╨╛╨┤╨▓╨╡╤А╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П╨╝ ╨▒╨╡╨╖╤А╨╕╤Б╨║╨╛╨▓╤Л╤Е ╨┐╤А╨╛╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤В╨╜╤Л╤Е ╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨╛╨║.

╨в╨╡╨┐╨╡╤А╤М ╨╕╨╜╤Б╤В╨╕╤В╤Г╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╤В╤А╨╡╨╣╨┤╨╡╤А╤Л ╨╜╨╡ ╤В╨╛╤А╨│╤Г╤О╤В ╨▓ ╨╖╨░╨▓╨╕╤Б╨╕╨╝╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╨╛╤В ╨╜╨░╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л. ╨Т╨╝╨╡╤Б╤В╨╛ ╤Н╤В╨╛╨│╨╛ ╨╛╨╜╨╕ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╤О╤В ╨╝╨╡╤В╨╛╨┤ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨╕ ╨╡╨│╨╛ ╤З╨░╤Б╤В╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨┐╤А╨╛╨╕╨╖╨▓╨╛╨┤╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨┤╨╗╤П ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╤Ж╨╡╨╜. ╨Т╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨░ ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕╤В╤М ╨╗╨╡╨│╤З╨╡, ╤З╨╡╨╝ ╨╜╨░╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤Л, ╨┐╨╛╤Б╨║╨╛╨╗╤М╨║╤Г ╨╛╨╜╨░ ╤П╨▓╨╗╤П╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨╝╨░╤В╨╡╨╝╨░╤В╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╛╨╣.

╨з╨░╤Б╤В╨╛ ╨╖╨░╨┤╨░╨▓╨░╨╡╨╝╤Л╨╡ ╨▓╨╛╨┐╤А╨╛╤Б╤Л (FAQ)

1. ╨Ъ╨░╨║ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╤В╤М ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░?

╨Ь╨╡╤В╨╛╨┤ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╨╡╤В ╨┐╤П╤В╤М ╤А╨░╨╖╨╗╨╕╤З╨╜╤Л╤Е ╨┐╨╡╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╤Л╤Е ╨┤╨╗╤П ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╤Б╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╡╨┤╨╗╨╕╨▓╨╛╨╣ ╤Б╤В╨╛╨╕╨╝╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╣. ╨ж╨╡╨╜╨░ ╨░╨║╤Ж╨╕╨╕ ╤Г╨╝╨╜╨╛╨╢╨░╨╡╤В╤Б╤П ╨╜╨░ ╨║╤Г╨╝╤Г╨╗╤П╤В╨╕╨▓╨╜╤Г╤О ╤Б╤В╨░╨╜╨┤╨░╤А╤В╨╜╤Г╤О ╤Д╤Г╨╜╨║╤Ж╨╕╤О ╨╜╨╛╤А╨╝╨░╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╨│╨╛ ╤А╨░╤Б╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П ╨▓╨╡╤А╨╛╤П╤В╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╡╨╣.

2. ╨з╤В╨╛ ╨│╨╛╨▓╨╛╤А╨╕╤В ╨▓╨░╨╝ ╤Г╤А╨░╨▓╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░?

╨Т ╨╝╨╡╤В╨╛╨┤╨╡ ╤Г╤З╨╕╤В╤Л╨▓╨░╤О╤В╤Б╤П ╤А╨░╨╖╨╗╨╕╤З╨╜╤Л╨╡ ╨┐╨╡╤А╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╤Л╨╡ тАФ ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М, ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨░, ╨┐╤А╨╛╤Ж╨╡╨╜╤В╨╜╨░╤П ╤Б╤В╨░╨▓╨║╨░ ╨╕ ╨▓╤А╨╡╨╝╤П. ╨Ш╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╤П ╤Н╤В╨╕ ╤Д╨░╨║╤В╨╛╤А╤Л, ╨╛╨╜ ╤Д╨╛╤А╨╝╨╕╤А╤Г╨╡╤В ╨╝╨░╤В╨╡╨╝╨░╤В╨╕╤З╨╡╤Б╨║╨╛╨╡ ╤Г╤А╨░╨▓╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡, ╨║╨╛╤В╨╛╤А╨╛╨╡ ╨╛╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤П╨╡╤В ╤Б╨┐╤А╨░╨▓╨╡╨┤╨╗╨╕╨▓╤Г╤О ╤Б╤В╨╛╨╕╨╝╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╜╨╛╨│╨╛ ╨║╨╛╨╜╤В╤А╨░╨║╤В╨░.

3. ╨Э╨░╤Б╨║╨╛╨╗╤М╨║╨╛ ╤В╨╛╤З╨╜╨░ ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░?

╨н╤В╨╛ ╨╜╨░╨╕╨▒╨╛╨╗╨╡╨╡ ╤З╨░╤Б╤В╨╛ ╨╕╤Б╨┐╨╛╨╗╤М╨╖╤Г╨╡╨╝╤Л╨╣ ╨╝╨╡╤В╨╛╨┤ ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤П ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓. ╨Ю╨┤╨╜╨░╨║╨╛ ╨╕╨╖-╨╖╨░ ╨╝╨╜╨╛╨╢╨╡╤Б╤В╨▓╨░ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╣ ╤А╨╡╨╖╤Г╨╗╤М╤В╨░╤В╤Л ╨╝╨╛╨│╤Г╤В ╤Б╤В╨░╤В╤М ╨╜╨╡╤А╨╡╨░╨╗╨╕╤Б╤В╨╕╤З╨╜╤Л╨╝╨╕. ╨н╤В╨╛ ╨┐╤А╨╛╨╕╤Б╤Е╨╛╨┤╨╕╤В, ╨║╨╛╨│╨┤╨░ ╤И╨░╨│╨╕ ╨╖╨░╨▓╨╕╤Б╤П╤В ╨╛╤В ╨┐╤А╨╛╨│╨╜╨╛╨╖╨░.

╨а╨╡╨║╨╛╨╝╨╡╨╜╨┤╤Г╨╡╨╝╤Л╨╡ ╤Б╤В╨░╤В╤М╨╕

╨н╤В╨░ ╤Б╤В╨░╤В╤М╤П ╨▒╤Л╨╗╨░ ╤А╤Г╨║╨╛╨▓╨╛╨┤╤Б╤В╨▓╨╛╨╝ ╨║ ╤В╨╛╨╝╤Г, ╤З╤В╨╛ ╤В╨░╨║╨╛╨╡ ╨╝╨╛╨┤╨╡╨╗╤М ╨С╨╗╤Н╨║╨░-╨и╨╛╤Г╨╗╨╖╨░ ╨╕ ╨╡╨╡ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡. ╨Ь╤Л ╨╛╨▒╤К╤П╤Б╨╜╤П╨╡╨╝ ╨╡╨│╨╛ ╨┐╤А╨╡╨┤╨┐╨╛╨╗╨╛╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П, ╤Д╨╛╤А╨╝╤Г╨╗╤Г, ╨┐╤А╨╕╨╝╨╡╤А╤Л, ╨▓╨░╨╢╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╤М ╨╕ ╨╛╨│╤А╨░╨╜╨╕╤З╨╡╨╜╨╕╤П. ╨Я╨╛╨┤╤А╨╛╨▒╨╜╨╡╨╡ ╨╛╨▒ ╤Н╤В╨╛╨╝ ╨▓╤Л ╨╝╨╛╨╢╨╡╤В╨╡ ╤Г╨╖╨╜╨░╤В╤М ╨╕╨╖ ╤Б╨╗╨╡╨┤╤Г╤О╤Й╨╕╤Е ╤Б╤В╨░╤В╨╡╨╣ тАФ

• ╨Т╨░╤А╨╕╨░╨╜╤В ╤Ж╨╡╨╜╨╛╨╛╨▒╤А╨░╨╖╨╛╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤П
• ╨Ш╨╜╨┤╨╡╨║╤Б ╨▓╨╛╨╗╨░╤В╨╕╨╗╤М╨╜╨╛╤Б╤В╨╕
• ╨Я╤А╨╛╨┤╨░╨╢╨░ ╨╛╨┐╤Ж╨╕╨╛╨╜╨╛╨▓